Essay Louis XIVs Similarities to Machiavellis The Prince

Louis XIV was born on September 5, 1638, and ruled as King of France and of Navarre from May 14, 1643 until his death at the age of 76. He took over the throne a few months before his fifth birthday, but didnt actually assume actual control of the government until his First Minister, Jules Cardinal Mazarin, died in 1661. He was to become King of France after his father, Louis XIII, died of tuberculosis. He achieved the role of king by ways of hereditary monarchy, which is one of the ways to become a ruler, as stated by Machiavelli. Louis XIV is known as the The Sun King and also known as Louis the Great. He ruled over France for seventy-two years, which is the longest reign of any French or any other major European ruler and†¦show more content†¦Louis XIV didn?t follow the path of his father, who was a great leader. One of Machiavelli?s principles was to follow in the path of a great leader, and try to imitate those who are most excellent. Since Louis XIV became the ruler of a hereditary monarchy, as one of Machiavelli?s principles states, he didn?t have as much difficulty in maintaining hereditary states accustomed to his reigning family. Because of this, he was always able to maintain his position, unless some very excessive and exceptional force deprived him of it, which indeed never happened. Although, if it did happen, he would be able to regain his position of king, even on the slightest mischance happening to the new occupier. Louis XIV was a very generous spender. He put in large amounts of money to finance the royal court, and operated as a supporter of the arts, funding literary and cultural figures. He also kept his army in mind by building military complex known as the Hà ´tel des Invalides to give a home for officers and soldiers who had served him loyally in the army. The Hà ´tel des Invalides established new treatments frequently and set a new standard for the rather barbarous hospice treatment styles of the period. To support a Machiavellian tactic, Louis XIV didn?t have any mercenaries or auxiliaries, he controlled his own army, and was a self-sufficient ruler that didn?t rely on the help of others in battle. Also, to

Attachment Styles And Their Influence On Our Future...

Once appearing in a relationship, individuals tend to notice the innate habits, thoughts, and behaviors of their partners on a more intimate level. These innate patterns depict the individual’s attachment styles, or the â€Å"global orientations toward relationships† (14). These attachment styles – secure, preoccupied, fearful, and dismissing – surface during childhood, and preserve the propensity to affect our future relationships in society. According to the online quiz, I sustain a secure attachment style, meaning I uphold both a low avoidance of intimacy and low anxiety about abandonment. While these four categories of attachment styles cultivate in infancy, I believe my nurturing only promoted my attachment style to a certain degree. I established receptive care and safeguard from my mother throughout my childhood and adolescence, but my father marginalized me at a young age. Due to my parent’s divorce and mistreatment towards one another in my toddler years, this disturbed my attachment style. I did not desire the relationship my parents sustained, as it pervaded with negativity, hostility, and anger. Due to my biological father’s care, I acquired a more anxious-ambivalent style towards men, but it altered when my stepfather inputted into my family. My mother and stepfather provided, protected, and supported every aspect of my life, and continue to maintain a positive relationship with my to this day. Their care guides me to pursue healthy, committed relationships built onShow MoreRelatedDiscuss the Influence of Childhood on Adult Relationships. (24 Marks)810 Words   |  4 PagesDiscuss the influence of childhood on adult relationships. (24 Marks) Many attachment psychologists argue that early relationships with our primary caregivers provide the foundation for later adult relationships. Bowlby called this the continuity hypothesis. This is the claim that early relationship experiences continue in later adult relationships. According to the attachment theory, young children develop an internal working model from their first relationship with their primary carer. ThisRead MoreHow Attachment Affects Your Adult Relationships898 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION We will be exploring the different styles of attachment, how parenting affects attachment style and in turn how it affects our love lives as adults. Built by close relationships, attachment can vary from one relationship to another, depending on how available that person is especially during infancy and childhood. As adults, we react to situations based on our attachment style, which is ingrained but not unchangeable. This not only affects our relationships with prospective partners but everyoneRead MoreAttachment Styles And Levels Of Depression1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe relationships between attachment styles and levels of depression were investigated. A total of 28 individuals were recruited from a psychology class at Diablo Valley College located in Pleasant Hill, California. The Attachment Questionnaire for Children (AQC) was used to measure attachment style in childhood. The Beck Depression Inventory (BAI-II) was used to measure levels of depression in young adults. The pur pose of this study is to examine the relationship between (a) attachment styles inRead MoreThe Theory Of Love By Robert J. Sternberg1458 Words   |  6 Pages With each weekly reflection written throughout this course, Looking Back On Growing Up, there has been an over arching theme pulling each lesson together: relationship. The class has intertwined the theme of relationship throughout the weeks, which with the rise of positive psychology, social psychology and related studies has become an increasingly popular area of research. 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Parent to child relationship is the core foundationRead MoreThe Deep Groove Theory : A Secure Base For Your Baby1274 Words   |  6 PagesSensitivity Attachment and independence can be illustrated by what we call the deep groove theory. Building a secure base for your baby Think of your infant’s mind as a record into which life’s experiences and relationships cut deep grooves. Suppose the strength of the parent-infant attachment is represented by the depth of the grooves in the baby’s mental record. Between twelve and eighteen months, a baby can recall a mental image of their most familiar caregivers. We call this image permanenceRead MoreAn Important Aspect Of Intimate Relationships And The Human Condition? Attachment And Attachment Theory1717 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is attachment and why is it an important aspect of intimate relationships and the human condition? Attachment and attachment theory states that there is a strong affectional tie that binds a person to an intimate companion (Sigelman Rider, 2015). One of the first theorists that formulated this theory was John Bowlby. He proposed that, based on infants interactions with caregivers, infants construct expectations about relationships in the form of internal working models- cognitive representations

Tower Cranes free essay sample

Force Force can be defined as that which causes a mass to accelerate. Force has common units of pounds force (lbs) or Newtons ? Acceleration (F=MÂ ·A). In other words 1 Newton is the force required to accelerate 1 kilogram by 1 m/sec2, or 1 pound force is the force required to accelerate 1 slug by 1 foot/ sec2. You will notice that the imperial unit for force is pounds force and not just pounds. There is a common inaccuracy in our language that is only really important when talking about physics. The word weight truly refers to a force – this is why your weight on the moon is not the same as your weight on earth. To fully understand this we need to dissect the mathematical meaning behind the force term. Two components go into calculating a force; the first is mass, the second is acceleration. What is mass? Mass is the amount of stuff present in a given sample, lets say a person. We will write a custom essay sample on Tower Cranes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A person’s mass will be the same whether on earth or the moon – in both places that person is made up of the same amount of stuff. Mass has two common units; kilograms (kg) and slugs. So a person might have a mass of 70 kg or 4. 78 slugs. For the example of weight, or the downward static force exerted by an object, the acceleration of interest is the acceleration due to gravity. The acceleration due to gravity can be defined as the pull one object exerts on another. For this pull to be felt, one of the objects has to be extremely massive. For most people the most massive object they will encounter is the earth. The acceleration due to gravity on the earth is 9. meters/sec2 or 32. 2 feet/sec2. So a person on earth might weigh (70kg x 9. 8m/sec2) = 686 Newtons or (4. 78 slugs x 32. 2 feet/sec2) = 154 lbs. On the moon the same person will weigh (70kg x 1. 62 m/sec2) = 113 Newtons or (4. 78 slugs x 5. 32 ft/ sec2) = 25 lbs. So when a person says they weigh 154 lbs they are being true to physics, but when they say they weigh 154 kg, they’re actually referring to their mass. As a further twist, it’s also interesting to note that the acceleration due to gravity changes with altitude. So your weight at sea level will be slightly different that your weight at the top of a mountain (Newton’s law of gravitation Fg = G ? gravitational constant). ? kg ? m ? . The equation used to mathematically define force is Force = Mass x 2 ? ? sec ? m1 ? m2 , where G is the r2 Stress Stress is defined as force per unit area and has the common units of Pounds force per Square Inch (psi) or Pascals (Pa) (a Pascal is a Newton per square meter or kg/m sec2). In construction there are five basic types of stress which concern engineers. These are bending, tensile, compressive, shear, and torsional stress (see picture below). For the purpose of building Popsicle stick bridges we are really only interested in bending, compression, and tensile stresses. When we take a close look at bending we’ll see that it is just a combination of tensile and compressive stresses. Of these three types of stress tensile is perhaps the easiest to measure. As a result engineers will take samples of material and, using special machines, subject them to higher and higher tensile loads until they break. By dividing the force at which the sample breaks by the cross sectional area of the sample the materials Ultimate Tensile Stress (UTS) can be determined. The ultimate tensile stress is given the symbol ? (Greek letter sigma), and essentially represents the strength of a material. For comparisons sake a sample of plain carbon steel might have a UTS of 50,000 psi, while pine (which is what Popsicle sticks are made of) might have a UTS of 1,000 psi. It is important to recognize that UTS is not the only important consideration when selecting a material, but material selection is a bit outside the scope of this summary. Let’s take a closer look at tension and compression. Tension is the stress an element experiences when exposed to a pulling force. To get a feeling for tension think about a piece of string. String can only experience tension; it is not able to resist pushing or bending. Compression is the opposite of tension; it’s the stress an element experiences when exposed to a pushing force. Sand is an example of a substance which can only experience compression. A column of sand can support a large load, but is unable to resist any pulling force. As most materials have different tensile and compressive loading potentials, it is important to know what sort of forces will be exerted on every member in a building or bridge. Bending combines both tensile and compressive forces in a single element. To demonstrate this, take a look at the picture below. It’s pretty obvious from this picture that bending puts one face into tension while the other is in compression. It also logically follows from this conclusion that at some point between the two faces there must be a point where there is no tension or compression. This point is called the neutral axis. The mass of material above and below the neutral axis will always be equal. So in a symmetrical member the neutral axis will be along the midline, but will not necessarily be along the midline in an irregularly shaped member. This simple concept of leverage can be used to explain several more complex concepts in structural engineering. The first is why it’s easier to break a Popsicle stick when it’s bent on its flat side as opposed to its edge. To explain this we have to explain the concept of leverage. This one is pretty simple and can easily be demonstrated by the classroom door. Leverage (also called moment or torque) occurs when a force is applied to an object which can rotate about a pivot point. In the case of the classroom door the pivot is the hinge and the force applied comes from the person wanting to open the door. In the case of bending a Popsicle stick the pivot is the neutral axis and the force we’re concerned with is the tension or compression on the outside faces. Moment is calculated by multiplying the force applied by the distance from the point of force application to the pivot. If you increase the applied force, or the distance from the pivot point, the moment increases. That’s why door handles are put as far from the hinge as possible – we make the distance from the point of force application to the pivot point as large as possible, that way a small applied force will create a large moment. So the Popsicle stick is harder to break when bent on edge because we’ve increased the distance from the neutral axis to the point of maximum force. Explain the difference between tensile, bending, and compressive forces with examples of the equations used to calculate each. Explain truss elements and why they are a superior way of building a bridge. Sample FEM output for simple bridge design o Calculate the amount of popsicle sticks required to make a simple beam with the same strength as a truss element. Hints on building a strong bridge o Truss o Strength comes from the Popsicle sticks, not the glue – but well glued joints are a must. Additional information: http://andrew. triumf. ca/andrew/popsicle-bridge/ http://www. eir. ca/resources/presentations/Bridges%20-%20By%20Doug%20Knight. doc

Information Security Essay free essay sample

Introduction Information security is the protection mechanism used by the organizations to protect their data from losses, unauthorized access or unauthorized modification of data. Today information that an organization has in its database is very valuable to them and many refer to it as their company’s asset. This information of the organization needs to be made available to the employees and therefore is vulnerable to security threats.Question 1As an organization makes technological advancements, its work processes become more efficient and less use of resources is required. The output of the employees becomes greater when there is technological obsolescence in the organization. Use of data and information becomes more frequent and concentrated. This data which constitutes the records about the organization and important customer data is very useful to organizations. Loss of this data or unauthorized use of this data means the loss to the organization in monetary terms also. We will write a custom essay sample on Information Security Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The importance of data to the organization depends on the type of business the organization is in. For example, an organization which is an Information technology (IT) solution provider; this firm will have everything in the form of data and its data is the firm’s only main assets. Therefore this data needs protection to safeguard it from loss or unauthorized access.The information in the organizations should be available whenever needed that is why it cannot be locked up in the databases or files. This data is needed by certain employees to perform their tasks and some data is not needed by other employees and needs to be hidden from them. If this data is made available to all the employees, it will be viewable by all of them and they can modify. This data needs to be protected and given different access levels to different designations of employees. As technology advances are made in the organization and systems are installed in the organizations to make the data available to the employees, the threat to information security becomes more.Data from all the departments of the organization are integrated in one platform to make it highly available, to keep it one format, for fast access, keep it up to date and to make the   retrieval of information more efficient and fast. This integration of data of different departments also means that all the employees of the organization will access the database. If there are no controls, the information becomes more vulnerable to loss of data and unauthorized use of information. An organization can protect against threats to information security in a variety of ways. Every threat has a different control and security management. Access controls can be implemented to control the access of unauthorized personnel to the information. Access controls can also be implemented for giving employees different levels of access to them. The employees who only need to view the information in the database will only be given rights to view the information and those who needs to modify, add or delete the records can be given the relevant access level to the database. The best way to implement access control is to create unique user id for each system user and allow each id different access levels and privileges. The user id is authenticated by passwords which is also unique for each user. The users should be trained and educated about the security controls so that they understand that different information is viewed by different users.The information should be stored in a cryptographic form so that it is unusable to someone who is unauthorized. The authorized users will be able to transform the cryptographic information into usable form. The information is also protected from any physical damage, disruptions or disasters. These disasters may be manmade or natural which includes fire, earthquake, destruction of building etc. For protecting the data against these disasters or physical damages, physical controls are implemented such as locking systems in the doors, air conditioning, fire alarm, cameras and security guards. Data recovery mechanism should also be present in the organization which includes making backup of the important data. The backup is usually made on some distant site and sometimes also at the same location. This ensures that the data will not be lost even if a disaster strikes the organization.The management should be informed about the losses of customer data and valuable information which will cause heavy losses in the earnings. The management should also be told that inadequate information security may cause theft of customer data. The customers are very conscious about the data that is being recorded about them. Therefore if their data is placed in wrong hands or stolen, the customers are most likely to switch to the competitors such as UPS for services. A presentation should be prepared by the IT personnel that should be presented to the management to win their support. This presentation should also contain the fact that UPS is better equipped with security controls much better than us which that is why they attract more customers. It should also be mentioned that the return on investment will rise as a result of more security of data, the number of customers will also rise and they will also be more satisfied than before.Question 2The collection of data from many sources has allowed organizations to put together databases of facts and information. This information can easily be abused and stolen even by the authorized employees who can use it for illegal and unethical purposes. The organization should   make strict regulations of ethics in information security to avoid illegal and unethical behavior of employees. There are cultural differences in ethical concepts in determining what is ethical and what is unethical. When one nationality’s ethical behavior contradicts that of another, difficulty arises. Deterrence to unethical and illegal behavior is the prevention of such activities. With the enforcement of laws, policies and technical controls, unethical and illegal behavior can be prevented. Laws and policies in the organization are only successful if some conditions are present. These conditions are listed below:-Fear of penalty-High probability of being caught by the management-Possibility of penalty being administeredOrganizations have codes of ethics or code of conduct to avoid unethical behavior at their organizations. Just having a code of conduct created is not enough unfortunately. The employees must be made aware of the important topics related to information security and must be trained of the expected behaviors of an ethical employee. Proper ethical and legal training is essential in creating a well prepared, informed and low-risk system user. This is especially vital in the areas of information security as the organizations witness technological obsolescence. Many employees do not have formal technical training to understand that if their behavior is unethical or even illegal.The security professionals are responsible to act unethically and accordingly to the policies and procedures of their organization and laws of the society. Therefore most organizations create and formalize a body of expectations which is referred as policy. Policies function in organizations like laws. To make the policy enforceable, it must be:-Distributed to all the employees who are supposed to comply with it-Easily understood by the readers and translated versions should be available in different languages-Readily available for reference by employees-Signed and acknowledged by the employee in form of consent letter.The course that is required to be designed for the students should not be technical and should contain the laws of states and govern ment. First of all the objective of the course is needed to be defined to the students in order to give an overview of the core ideas present in the course. Distinctions between laws and ethics should be clearly made in the course presentation for a better understanding of the future studies. Types of laws, U.S. Laws relevant to information security and privacy should be included in the course. A topic about customer data privacy and its sacredness should also be included in the curriculum. Definition of international laws, legal bodies, state and local regulations, copyright acts and UN charter about information should be included in the course. Policy and law should be differentiated and guidelines should be mentioned to design enforceable policy at organization. Auditing bodies such as Information System Audit and Control Association (ISACA) and their purpose should also be taught to the students.Question 3An organization has many assets and information assets are the least well managed although it is being recognized as one of the organizations’ most valuable assets. Information has started consuming vast resources of finance and human resources to record, store, manage, and process information, but it receives no financial identification on the balance sheet.When all these conditions are met only then the organization has a reasonable expectation of effectiveness of policy.   we are going to look at the information assets valuation methods which can be used for valuation. Using the communications theory (Shannon and Weaver, 1949), the information can be valued through focusing on the amount of information being transmitted over certain distance. It can be measured in volume of data per second that is transmitted over a distance. However this method of valuation is not so effective because the content and its usefulness is not being taken into account while evaluating.Accounting valuation model is used to value information as the accounting theory is used to value other assets of the organization. The value of an asset comes from two sources according to the accounting theory. The first source is the use of asset; if the asset is frequent in use and its use is beneficial for the organization, which means that the asset is valuable for the organization. Same theory applies to information assets of the organization; if the piece of information’s use is beneficial for the organization, then the value of the information is high. The other source is the sale of asset; which means that if the sale of the asset is generating enough money then the asset is valuable. The same theory applies to information; if information is more valuable, more buyers will be there and more revenue from its sale will be generated. Another way of valuation of information is market value of that information.The amount that other firms are ready to pay for the information is the market value of it. Advent of internet has allowed information to be sold as a product or paid for on a usage basis. The entire informational databases of the organization are generally not usable by the other firms. In general only a small proportion of information is saleable to other organizations for use. Information can be sold over and over again without losing value and is reusable. While the market value represents what another party is ready to pay for it, the utility model is better because it generated future cash flows rather than payment of one time only. The utility valuation of money is measured by the profits that can be derived from it in terms of future cash flows.This method is the best indicator, although difficult, because it takes into account how the information is used. The major setback of this method is that the estimates of the future benefits are highly subjective and time consuming to collect. In case of liquidation of General Motors (GM), the information in the databases of GM is not of any use to the organization. There are three types of information; administrative, commercial and confidential. The internal information such as financial budgets, employee   salaries, purchasing costs are generally not of interest to other external parties. This internal information is only for the use of internal management and other firms cannot use this information directly. Although it can be used indirectly to train the employees of the organization or in seminar sessions but it cannot be used for operations of the business.The second category of information is commercially sensitive information. Usually it is not in the interest of firms to sell this type of information to other firms as they will use it to profile customers and improve their sales process. In the case of GM, this type on information will be very vast and diverse as this company has been one of the largest firms of US. Its sales information and production procedures will be very useful for the other firms and these firms can use this information to make better decisions.The third category is confidential information which is very sensitive and the firms may be sued if this information is not kept private. In case of GM, this information will be very useful to the other firms which need this data, as they will be able to get customer data and personnel records. But this information is not allowed to be sold or passed to an external form for privacy reasons. References Boo Layton, P. Timothy. (2007). Information Security: Design, Implementation, Measurement, and Compliance. ca Raton. FL: Auerbach publications.